Industria 4.0 e la quarta rivoluzione industriale

“The changes are so profound that, from the perspective of human history, there has never been a time of greater promise or potential peril.”

― Klaus Schwab, The Fourth Industrial Revolution

Che cos'è il 4IR (la quarta rivoluzione industriale)?

Perché il Il quarto Rivoluzione industriale?

1. Il Prima Rivoluzione Industriale started in Britain around 1760, spreading to Europe and the rest of the world through the early 1800s. It was primarily powered by steam and the steam engine. It enabled manufacturers to mechanize production for the first time, resulting in new manufacturing processes, bigger factories, a booming textile industry, and mass urbanization.
2. La fine del 1800 segnò l'arrivo del Seconda Rivoluzione Industriale, che ha visto l'aumento della produzione di massa causata dall'avvento dell'acciaio, del petrolio e dell'elettricità. Le principali invenzioni dell'epoca includono la lampadina, il telefono e il motore a combustione interna.
3. Il Third Industrial Revolution, also called the “Digital Revolution,” occurred in the second half of the 20th century. Within a few decades, inventions like semiconductors, personal computers, and the internet changed how we work, live, and communicate forever.

Le più significative tecnologie della quarta rivoluzione industriale

• Produzione di additivi – Also known as 3D printing, this process allows for rapid prototyping and “decentralized” digital manufacturing. Smaller production runs can be manufactured locally rather than relying on overseas factories with all the political, economic, and environmental risks that entail.
• Robotica avanzata – Today’s robots combine increasingly powerful hardware and sensor technology with highly sophisticated programming and machine learning capabilities. They can carry out tasks independently, with other robots and humans, learning and improving over time.
• Analisi dei big data – As our world goes digital, vast data reservoirs are generated and stored. This big data holds hidden secrets that promise to revolutionize our understanding of economics the human condition. We need big data analytics to extract these insights.
• AI e apprendimento automatico – L’intelligenza artificiale conferisce ai programmi e alle macchine capacità decisionali simili a quelle umane. Queste funzionalità diventano più avanzate con gli algoritmi di apprendimento automatico e perfezionate nel tempo con l’esposizione a set di dati più grandi.
• The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) – The IIoT (Industrial Internet or Industrial IoT) is the backbone of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It refers to networks of sensors and connected devices that “talk” to one another, share data, and execute functions with or without human intervention.
• Realtà aumentata e virtuale – Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) enable the creation of immersive and interactive experiences using digital simulations. In an online world, where buying often occurs at a distance, serving up products “virtually” has never been so crucial.
• Simulation – Engineering will increasingly use 3D simulations in plant operations, leveraging real-time data to create virtual models of machines, products, and humans. This enables optimization of machine settings in the virtual world before physical implementation.
• Horizontal and Vertical System Integration – Today's IT systems lack full integration, leaving companies, suppliers, customers, and even internal departments fragmented. Industry 4.0 promises a shift towards cohesive, cross-company data-integration networks, paving the way for automated value chains.
• Cybersecurity – The increased connectivity of Industry 4.0 demands new, secure, reliable methods of communications and sophisticated identity and access management.
• La nuvola – Cloud technologies facilitate the interconnectivity of devices, systems, and processes, enabling seamless data exchange across boundaries. They also provide scalable storage and computing power for handling the large volumes of data generated by Industry 4.0 technologies.

7 modi per utilizzare le tecnologie della quarta rivoluzione industriale nella tua azienda

1. Sfruttare l’automazione per migliorare la produttività e l’efficienza delle risorse.

2. Utilizzare sensori in rete per alimentare la manutenzione predittiva sulle macchine.

3. Crea "gemelli digitali" per risparmiare tempo, spazio e sprechi.

4. Build a connected and flexible “smart factory”–learn and adapt to an ever-changing world.

5. Leverage cloud-based systems (cloud computing) to sync geographically distributed manufacturing facilities

6. Utilizza la configurazione del prodotto 3D per personalizzare i prodotti e personalizzare le esperienze su larga scala.

7. Semplifica la collaborazione tra i team di vendita, ingegneria e produzione con CAD e automazione della progettazione.

Le più significative tecnologie della quarta rivoluzione industriale