Industrie 4.0 et 4e révolution industrielle

“The changes are so profound that, from the perspective of human history, there has never been a time of greater promise or potential peril.”

― Klaus Schwab, The Fourth Industrial Revolution

Qu'est-ce que 4IR (la quatrième révolution industrielle) ?

Pourquoi le Quatrième Révolution industrielle?

1. le Première révolution industrielle started in Britain around 1760, spreading to Europe and the rest of the world through the early 1800s. It was primarily powered by steam and the steam engine. It enabled manufacturers to mechanize production for the first time, resulting in new manufacturing processes, bigger factories, a booming textile industry, and mass urbanization.
2. La fin des années 1800 marque l'arrivée des Deuxième révolution industrielle, qui a vu la montée de la production de masse causée par l'avènement de l'acier, du pétrole et de l'électricité. Les principales inventions de l'époque comprennent l'ampoule électrique, le téléphone et le moteur à combustion interne.
3. le Third Industrial Revolution, also called the “Digital Revolution,” occurred in the second half of the 20th century. Within a few decades, inventions like semiconductors, personal computers, and the internet changed how we work, live, and communicate forever.

Les technologies les plus importantes de la quatrième révolution industrielle

• La fabrication additive – Also known as 3D printing, this process allows for rapid prototyping and “decentralized” digital manufacturing. Smaller production runs can be manufactured locally rather than relying on overseas factories with all the political, economic, and environmental risks that entail.
• Robotique avancée – Today’s robots combine increasingly powerful hardware and sensor technology with highly sophisticated programming and machine learning capabilities. They can carry out tasks independently, with other robots and humans, learning and improving over time.
• Analyse de données volumineuses – As our world goes digital, vast data reservoirs are generated and stored. This big data holds hidden secrets that promise to revolutionize our understanding of economics the human condition. We need big data analytics to extract these insights.
• IA et apprentissage automatique – L’intelligence artificielle confère aux programmes et aux machines des capacités de prise de décision semblables à celles des humains. Ces capacités deviennent plus avancées grâce aux algorithmes d’apprentissage automatique et affinées au fil du temps avec l’exposition à des ensembles de données plus volumineux.
• The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) – The IIoT (Industrial Internet or Industrial IoT) is the backbone of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It refers to networks of sensors and connected devices that “talk” to one another, share data, and execute functions with or without human intervention.
• Réalité augmentée et virtuelle – Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) enable the creation of immersive and interactive experiences using digital simulations. In an online world, where buying often occurs at a distance, serving up products “virtually” has never been so crucial.
• Simulation – Engineering will increasingly use 3D simulations in plant operations, leveraging real-time data to create virtual models of machines, products, and humans. This enables optimization of machine settings in the virtual world before physical implementation.
• Horizontal and Vertical System Integration – Today's IT systems lack full integration, leaving companies, suppliers, customers, and even internal departments fragmented. Industry 4.0 promises a shift towards cohesive, cross-company data-integration networks, paving the way for automated value chains.
• Cybersecurity – The increased connectivity of Industry 4.0 demands new, secure, reliable methods of communications and sophisticated identity and access management.
• Le nuage – Cloud technologies facilitate the interconnectivity of devices, systems, and processes, enabling seamless data exchange across boundaries. They also provide scalable storage and computing power for handling the large volumes of data generated by Industry 4.0 technologies.

7 façons d'utiliser les technologies de la quatrième révolution industrielle dans votre entreprise

1. Exploitez l’automatisation pour améliorer la productivité et l’efficacité des ressources.

2. Utilisez des capteurs en réseau pour alimenter la maintenance prédictive sur les machines.

3. Créez des « jumeaux numériques » pour gagner du temps, de l'espace et des déchets.

4. Build a connected and flexible “smart factory”–learn and adapt to an ever-changing world.

5. Leverage cloud-based systems (cloud computing) to sync geographically distributed manufacturing facilities

6. Utilisez la configuration des produits 3D pour personnaliser les produits et personnaliser les expériences à grande échelle.

7. Rationalisez la collaboration entre les équipes de vente, d'ingénierie et de fabrication grâce à l'automatisation de la CAO et de la conception..

Les technologies les plus importantes de la quatrième révolution industrielle